Island Studs
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The Badlands are associated with gfro-structural activity, which has resulted in the deposition of beds of siltstone, shale, and sandstone and the formation of a near normal-fault-sense stratigraphic contact between the beds of the surficial unit and the basement unit. The Badlands of Hatteras Neck, western Hatteras Island, are very productive sources of high quality wind-blown sand and gravel. The Badlands are located along the west flank of Hatteras Land, the island north of Hatteras Island. This article discusses the origin, classification, distribution, and possible mobility of the Badlands and their implications for the shaping of the topography and the development of the slope and terrace systems on the uplands of Hatteras Land. A Turonian-age, transgressive-regressive sequence of peneplain systems is associated with episodes of active and inactive gfro-structural activity. These peneplain systems have been thought to be buried and now surficial deposits, thus, not likely to be significant for the development of a subsequent transgression.
Quaternary depocenters have been a dominant feature of island landscapes since the Early Tertiary. In the South Pacific, the presence and distribution of island fossilized volcano-sedimentary deposits provide an important record of active volcanism. Volcanic activity increases with island age and presumably may be related to island size, coralspecies diversity, and other factors. However, investigations into the tectonic and volcanic origins of New Zealand benthic cone and trench deposits and the possibility of the development of a large-scale lithospheric overprint have shown that there are critical aspects of island basin evolution that cannot be explained within the existing paradigm. This has implications for the fate and relative timing of volcanic and ridge uplift within Earth history. The principal aim of this synthesis is to review the origin of New Zealand benthic cone and trench deposits and to suggest a mechanism of island basin evolution. d2c66b5586